General description

Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA type 2 (ADAR2) is localized predominantly in the nucleus.

Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA type 2 (ADAR2), also known as adenosine deaminase, RNA specific B1 (ADARB1), is encoded by the gene mapped to human chromosome 21q22.3. ADARB1 is characterized with two double-stranded RNA-binding domains and a deaminase domain involved in editing action.

Application

Monoclonal Anti-ADAR2 antibody produced in mouse has been used in immunoblotting.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA type 2 (ADAR2) activity is directly involved in both cell cycle by slowing down cell growth rate at the S-G2 phase and in cell migration. Decrease in ADAR2 editing activity is linked to tumor malignancy (astrocytoma grade I-IV) in children.

Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA type 2 (ADAR2) enzyme plays a vital role in editing pre-mRNA of glutamate receptor B subunit. Combined effect of ADAR2 and HTR2C (5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C) variants contribute to the suicide attempt (SA) vulnerability in psychiatric patients. ADAR2 is a candidate gene for neurological diseases, such as bipolar affective disorder and epilepsy. Decrease in the activity of ADAR2 enzyme results in α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor-mediated death of motor neurons in mice. ADAR2 enzyme is expressed consistently in carcinomas and sarcomas and it is upregulated in lymphomas and seminomas when compared to normal tissues.

Physical form

Solution in 0.01 M phosphate buffered saline pH 7.4, containing 15 mM sodium azide.

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