General description

Alpha-synuclein (UniProt P37840; also known as NACP, Non-A beta component of AD amyloid, Non-A4 component of amyloid precursor, Synuclein alpha-140) is encoded by the SNCA (also known as NACP, PARK1, PARK4) gene (Gene ID 6622) in human. Pathological aggregates are common features of many neurodegenerative diseases, such as tau neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and frontotemporal degeneration, and α-synuclein (α-syn or αS) Lewy bodies (LBs) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and dementia with LBs (DLB). Alpha-synuclein is a phospholipid-binding protein concentrated in presynaptic terminals where it promotes SNARE complex formation and modulates synaptic functions. Alpha-synuclein is the major component of pathologic inclusions that characterize PD, DLB, and multiple system atrophy (MSA). Research shows that αS exists not only as unfolded monomers, but in large part also as multimers, principally as ~60 kDa tetramers composed of four N-acetylated αS, that assume α-helical conformation and resist aggregation. PD-causing αS missense mutations are found to shift cellular αS from tetramers/multimers to monomers, indicating that decreased α-helical tetramers and increased unfolded monomers initiate pathogenesis. In addition, both casein kinase-1 (CK-1) and CK-2 can catalyze the phosphorylation of αS on Ser129, and Ser129-phosphorylated αS is found in αS inclusions.

Specificity

Clone 2F12 reacted with both monomeric and aggregated forms of alpha-synuclein of human, mouse, and rat species. Clone 2F12 detected both wild-type alpha-synuclein and fPD mutants (Dettmer, U., et al. (2015). Nat. Commun. 6:7314; Dettmer, U., et al. (2013). J. Biol. Chem. 288(9):6371-6385).

Immunogen

Purified human erythrocyte α-synuclein.

Application

Anti-α-Synuclein, clone 2F12, Cat. No. MABN1817, is a highly specific mouse monoclonal antibody that targets α-synuclein and has been tested in ELISA, Immunocytochemistry, Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin), Immunoprecipitation, and Western Blotting.

Immunohistochemistry Analysis: A 1:1,000 dilution from a representative lot detected α-synuclein in human prostate cancer, cerebral cortex, and kidney tissue sections.

ELISA Analysis: A representative lot (0.4 µL in 30 µL buffer/well for coating) captured recombinant human α-synuclein (0.2-40 ng/mL) in a sandwich ELISA application utilizing clone SOY1 (Cat. No. MABN1818; preconjugated with Sulfo tag) as the detection antibody (Courtesy of Tim Bartels, Ph.D., Brigham and Women′s Hospital, Boston, MA, U.S.A.).

Immunocytochemistry Analysis: A 1:1,000 dilution from a representative lot immunostained primary mouse cortical neurons (Courtesy of Tim Bartels, Ph.D., Brigham and Women′s Hospital, Boston, MA, U.S.A.).

Immunohistochemistry Analysis: A 1:11,110 dilution from a representative lot immunostained Lewy bodies (LBs) in striatum tissue sections from Parkinson′s diseased (PD) human brain (Courtesy of Tim Bartels, Ph.D., Brigham and Women′s Hospital, Boston, MA, U.S.A.).

Immunoprecipitation Analysis: 4 µL from a representative lot immunoprecipitated α-synuclein from 50 µg of HEL human erythroleukemia cell lysate (Courtesy of Tim Bartels, Ph.D., Brigham and Women′s Hospital, Boston, MA, U.S.A.).

ELISA Analysis: A representative lot captured both endogenous α-synuclein (αS) from human cortical homogenate, as well the exogenously expressed wild type and familial PD (fPD) αS mutants (A30P, E46K, H50Q, G51D, A53T) from sytosolic extracts of transfected M17D human neuroblastoma cells in a sandwich ELISA application utilizing clone SOY1 (Cat. No. MABN1818; preconjugated with Sulfo tag) as the detection antibody (Dettmer, U., et al. (2015). Nat. Commun. 6:7314).

ELISA Analysis: A representative lot captured both pre-aggregated fibrillar recombinant α-synuclein as well as partially purified Lewy bodies (LBs) from a DLB (dementia with LBs) patient with or without prior sample denaturing by boiling with 2% SDS in a sandwich ELISA application utilizing clone SOY1 (Cat. No. MABN1818; preconjugated with Sulfo tag) as the detection antibody (Dettmer, U., et al. (2015). Nat. Commun. 6:7314).

Immunocytochemistry Analysis: A representative lot detected cytosolic localization of endogenous rat α-synuclein (αS) and exogenously overexpressed human αS by fluorescent immunocytochemistry staining of 4% paraformaldehyde-fixed, 0.25% Triton X-100-permeabilized primary rat neurons and transfected M17D human neuroblastoma cells (Dettmer, U., et al. (2015). Nat. Commun. 6:7314).

Western Blotting Analysis: A representative lot detected monomeric α-synuclein (αS) as well as αS multimers (αS60, αS80 and αS100) in extract from disuccinimidyl glutarate (DSG) cross-linked mouse brain bits, human iPSCs (both S A53T mutant and corrected isogenic line) and ESCs (both wild-type and genetically engineered isogenic αS E46K line). A significantly reduced αS60 level was seen with A53T and E46K mutants (Dettmer, U., et al. (2015). Nat. Commun. 6:7314).

Western Blotting Analysis: A representative lot detected monomeric α-synuclein (αS) as well as αS multimers (αS60, αS80 and αS100) in cytosolic extracts from disuccinimidyl glutarate (DSG) cross-linked primary rat neurons, as well as human HEL erythroid leukemia and M17D neuroblastoma cells (Dettmer, U., et al. (2013). J. Biol. Chem. 288(9):6371-6385).

Research Category
Neuroscience

Quality

Evalulated by Western Blotting in human fetal brain tissue lysate.

Western Blotting Analysis: A 1:1,000 dilution of this antibody detected α-synuclein in 10 µg of human fetal brain tissue lysate.

Target description

~14.5 kDa observed. 14.46 kDa (human isoform 1; NACP140), 14.49/14.52 kDa (mouse/rat isoform 1) calculated. Uncharacterized bands may be observed in some lysate(s).

Physical form

Format: Purified

Protein G purified.

Purified mouse IgG2b in buffer containing 0.1 M Tris-Glycine (pH 7.4), 150 mM NaCl with 0.05% sodium azide.

Storage and Stability

Stable for 1 year at 2-8°C from date of receipt.

Other Notes

Concentration: Please refer to lot specific datasheet.

Disclaimer

Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.