General description

3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR) is a transmembrane glycoprotein, encoded by the gene mapped to human chromosome 5q13.3-q14. HMGCR has a molecular mass of 97kDa and is mainly localized to smooth endoplasmic reticulum. The encoded protein is predominantly expressed in liver tissues.

The 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR) codes for a part of the statin-binding domain of the enzyme. This gene is located on human chromosome 5q13. HMGCR has a molecular mass of 97kDa and is mainly localized to smooth endoplasmic reticulum. The encoded protein is predominantly expressed in liver tissues.

Immunogen

synthetic peptide corresponding to an internal sequence of human HMGCR, conjugated to KLH. The corresponding sequence is identical in human HMGCR isoform 2 and highly conserved in mouse (89% identity) and in rat (83% identity) HMGCR.

Biochem/physiol Actions

3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR) plays a major role in mevalonate biosynthesis, which is a rate limiting step of cholesterol biosynthesis in the liver. Additionally, it also plays a key role in various biological process such as, embryogenesis and cancer. Elevated expression of the gene is associated with the development of gastric cancer(GC) and glioblastoma cells. Thus, HMGCR can be considered as a potent therapeutic target for GC and glioblastoma.

The 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR) acts as the rate-limiting step in cholesterol synthesis. Polymorphism in HMGCR results in late-onset Alzheimer′s disease. It induces the growth and migration of the cancer cells.

Physical form

Solution in 0.01 M phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.4, containing 15 mM sodium azide.

Disclaimer

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