General description

PAD4 (also designated PADI4 or PAD type IV), one of the members of the PAD family. PAD4 was initially named PAD5. However, since it is closely related to rodent PAD4 it was renamed human PAD4. The most noticeable difference between the isotypes is their tissue-specific expression. Expression of the PAD4 gene is tightly linked to myeloid differentiation. It is expressed in granulocytes and monocytes and expressed in the nucleus.

Peptidyl arginine deiminase 4 (PADI4) is one of the four PADIs found in humans. The protein consists of 663 amino acids. PADI4 gene is localized to human chromosome 1p36. It is expressed in hematopoietic tissues, such as spleen, thymus, peripheral blood leucocytes, fetal liver and bone marrow.

Immunogen

synthetic peptide corresponding to amino acids 1-15 of human PADI4, conjugated to KLH via a C-terminal added cysteine residue. The immunizing peptide is specific to human.

Application

Anti-PADI4 (N-terminal) antibody produced in rabbit has been used in immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation.

Anti-PADI4 (N-terminal) antibody produced in rabbit has been used in immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence.

Applications in which this antibody has been used successfully, and the associated peer-reviewed papers, are given below.
Chromatin immunoprecipitation (1 paper)

Biochem/physiol Actions

PADs (also known as PADIs), peptidylarginine deiminases, are a family of enzymes, which convert protein-bound arginine residues to citrulline residues in the presence of calcium ions, a process termed deimination. Among the 5 isoforms of PADs, only PAD4 has been identified as an RA-susceptibility gene.

Peptidyl arginine deiminase 4 (PADI4) is responsible for the post-translational conversion of peptidylarginine to citrulline, in the presence of calcium ions. In individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), this gene is expressed in hematological cells and synovial tissues, and variant in this gene is linked with susceptibility to RA. The expression of this protein is linked with DNA hypermethylation in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL).

Physical form

Solution in 0.01 M phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.4, and 15 mM sodium azide.

Disclaimer

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