ANTI-RAS ANTIBODY (K- H- N-) CLONE 9A11.2

General description

Ras, a proto-oncogene, is a small G-protein that has 3 primary isoforms (H-Ras, N-Ras, and K-Ras) that differ in there approximately 20 C-terminal amino acids. H-Ras was first discovered as a transforming product the retrovirus Harvey murine virus and K-Ras of Kirten sarcoma virus. Ras is a heavily studied target of both academic and pharmaceutical research because of its implications in various pathways and diseases as well as being mutated in a large number of human cancers. Ras is most notably the activator of the Erk/MAPK kinase pathway as activator of Raf, as well as an activator of PI3 Kinase (PI3K). In its oncogenic, mutated state, Ras is unable to hydrolyze GTP to GDP, thus staying in an active state and activating numerous pathways including the MAPK pathway through its activation of Raf, but also others as well that include PI3 Kinase and RalGDS. One path that the pharmaceutical industry has taken to control Ras and its activity is by finding what some consider its Achilles’ heel. For its activation, Ras must localize to the plasma membrane, but interestingly, it lacks a transmembrane domain. To achieve this, Ras must first undergo a post-translational modification (PTM) known as prenylation or geranylation at its C-terminal CAAX motif. For this to take place, a controlled three step process must occur. The first step in the process is the prenylation or geranylation of the C in the CAAX motif that is initiated by the covalent attachment of farnesyl groups to the cysteine that is catalyzed by the heterodimer enzymes farnesyl transferases and . After this modification, the –aaX of the motif is proteolytically removed via Rce1 (Ras Converting Enzyme 1), a membrane associated endoprotease, by a mechanism that is still not fully understood. Finally, the C-terminal prenylcysteine is now methlylated by ICMT (Isoprenylcysteine Carboxymethyl Transferase). These drugs have yet to pass clinical trials though and there is doubt that they will ever be successful in treating tumors associated with Ras activation.

Specificity

Recognizes K-, H-, and N-Ras (all 3 isofroms).

Immunogen

Full length recombinant GST-tagged human H-Ras.

Application

Research Category
Signaling

Apoptosis & Cancer

Research Sub Category
MAP Kinases

G-proteins

This Anti-Ras Antibody, (K-, H-, N-), clone 9A11.2 is validated for use in WB, IH(P) for the detection of Ras.

Quality

routinely evaluated by immunoblot on RIPA lysate from human A431 carcinoma cells, mouse 3T3, mouse brain, orrat brain.

Target description

21 kDa

Physical form

Format: Purified

Protein G Purified

Protein G purified mouse monoclonal in storage buffer containing 0.1M Tris-Glycine (pH 7.4), 15mM NaCl, and 0.05% NaN3.

Storage and Stability

Stable for 1 year at 4°C from date of receipt.
Handling Recommendations: Upon receipt, and prior to removing the cap, centrifuge the vial and gently mix the solution.

Other Notes

Concentration: Please refer to the Certificate of Analysis for the lot-specific concentration.

Legal Information

UPSTATE is a registered trademark of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany

Disclaimer

Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.

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