Derivatization reagents for GC, Silylation reagent TSIM, pac (C08-0493-406)

Purpose of derivatization Improved volatility, better thermal stability or a lower limit of detection in GC Prerequisite: quantitative, rapid and reproducible formation of only one derivative Halogen atoms introduced by derivatization (e.g., trifluoroacetates) for specific detection (ECD) with the advantage of high sensitivity Influence of elution orders and fragmentation patterns in MS by a specific derivatization Silylation reagent DMCS Used to form dimethylsilyl (DMS) derivatives DMS derivatives are much more susceptible to hydrolysis than TMS derivatives, therefore strictly anhydrous conditions during reaction are very important. Silylation reagent HMDS Weak TMS donor; used alone reaction is slow and not very effective After addition of catalytic quantities of TMCS (e.g., 1 %) or as a mixture with TMCS (2:1, v/v; SILYL-21 and SILYL-2110) a fast and quantitative reagent for trimethylsilylation of organic compounds Aprotic solvents like acetonitrile, pyridine, dimethylformamide, carbon disulfide and dimethylacetamide areRecommended for use with HMDS. Silylation reagent (TMCS) Often used as a catalyst with other trimethylsilyl reagents Without additives it can be used for preparing TMS derivatives of organic acids. Together with methanol it can be used for methylation. Silylation reagent TSIM (or TMSI) Strongest hydroxyl silylator; reagent of choice for carbohydrates and most steroids (even highly hindered steroids) The reagent is unique in that it reacts quickly and smooth with hydroxyl (even tert. OH) and carboxyl groups, but not with amines. This characteristic makes TSIM particularly useful in multi-derivatization schemes for compounds with different functional groups, which are to be derivatized differently (e.g., -O-TMS / -N-HFB derivatives of catecholamines). Recommended application: alcohols, phenols, organic acids, steroids, hormones, glycols, nucleotides, narcotics. These products can contain harmful substances which must be specially labeled as hazardous.