Ochratoxin A (C09-0993-407)

Ochratoxin A is a mycotoxin isolated from the Aspergillus ochraceus mold, a common fungal presence on moldy food. Ochratoxin A demonstrates nephrotoxicity and teratogenesis in animals, and shows inhibition of bacterial, yeast, and liver FARSL (phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetases) competitive with phenylalanine. As these activities are partially attenuated by phenylalanine, Ochratoxin A is suggested to produce its effects through interacting with proteins that recognize phenylalanine as a substrate, and has been demonstrated to inhibit PAH (phenylalanine hydroxylase). Derivatives of Ochratoxin A with other amino acid moieties substituted for the phenylalanine-mimic portion of the molecule demonstrate inhibition of the aminoacyl tRNA synthetases respective to those amino acids. Ochratoxin A is described to enhance lipid peroxidation and also present DNA single strand breaks, both suggesting oxidative damage as a partial mediator of Ochratoxin A cellular effects, and EPR spectroscopy with a spin trap agent identified the production of hydroxyl radicals by Ochratoxin A in the presence of NADPH. The nephrotoxic effects of Ochratoxin A are shown to be prevented by SOD (superoxide dismutase) and catalase, further indicating oxidative damage as the mediator of Ochratoxin A toxicity. Ochratoxin A is also demonstrated to increase ATP-dependent Ca2+ pump activity in renal cortex endoplasmic reticulum.A nephrotoxic mycotoxin inhibitor of phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetases. Specification: 0.98 MDL Number: MFCD00078079 Molecular Formula: C20H18ClNO6 Molecular Weight: 403.81 PubChem CID: 442530 Isomeric SMILES: C[C@@H]1CC2=C(C=C(C(=C2C(=O)O1)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC3=CC=CC=C3)C(=O)O)Cl Beilstein Registry Number: 8169012 Related Documents: https://ald-pub-files.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/aladdinsci/pdp/sds/1/O102402-SCI_708e2dc66f2c8395235478e890a758d1.pdf